{"id":4730,"date":"2022-12-13T14:52:51","date_gmt":"2022-12-13T09:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/?p=4730"},"modified":"2022-12-19T14:34:32","modified_gmt":"2022-12-19T09:04:32","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%af%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%ad%d9%91%d8%a7%d8%ab%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%af-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b7%d9%81%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/archives\/4730","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0651\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 1349-1439\u0647\u0640 = 1930-2017\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>nooralamamini@gmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0641\u064f\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 1387\u0647\u0640\/ 1967\u0645) \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a) \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621: 2\/\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 1439\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 20\/\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a 87 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a 90 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u064f\u0644\u0650\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062c\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0637\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062f\u064e\u062d\u064e\u0636\u064e \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0647\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0631\u064e\u0645\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1400\u0647\u0640\/1980\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0639\u064e \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0624\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u00ab\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u00bb \u0648\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1395\u0647\u0640\/1975\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648 \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u00ab\u0634\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 (1902-1969\u0645) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 On Sahacht&#8217;s origins of Mohammadan Jurisprudence \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u00bb \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u064f\u0642\u0650\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u00bb \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1394\u0647\u0640\/1974\u0645 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u00bb. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0644\u00bb \u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 168\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 303\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u00ab\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0629\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 311\u0647\u0640) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0642\u064e\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062c\u064e\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u00bb. \u0648\u00ab\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1983\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0647. \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645\u00bb \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 94\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u00bb \u0639\u0627\u0645 1981\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987\u0645. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 179\u0647\u0640) \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u062b\u064a\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a\u00bb \u0639\u0627\u0645 1425\u0647\u0640. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 250\u0647\u0640 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u00bb \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u00ab\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u00bb \u0639\u0627\u0645 1415\u0647\u0640\/1994\u0645. \u0648\u0635\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u00bb \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621\u00bb \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0652\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1968-1973\u0645 (1388-1393\u0647\u0640) \u0623\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1973-1991\u0645 (1393-1412\u0647\u0640) 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u062a\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0646\u00bb (Michijan) \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0631\u0628\u0631\u00bb (Ann Arbor)&nbsp; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u06461401-1402\u0647\u0640 =1981-1982\u0645\u060c \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987\u0645 (1407-1408\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648\u00bb (Colorado) \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0628\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0631\u00bb (Boulder) \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1989-1991\u0645(1401-1412\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u00bb (Princeton) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u0645 (1412-1413\u0647\u0640)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0632\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629(Promotion Committee) \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f\u064e \u0628\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0626\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u00bb &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 1988\u0645 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0628\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0622\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1319-1412\u0647\u0640 = 1901-1992\u0645) \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1930\u0645 (1349\u0647\u0640) \u0628\u062d\u064a \u00ab\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0626\u0648\u00bb. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0631\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u2013 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629\u064e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0628\u064a\u064c\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0645\u064e \u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064e\u062f\u0652\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0640\u0628\u064e\u0643\u0650\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064e\u062d\u0652\u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u0650\u0644\u064f\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u064e\u062b\u0650\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0651\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647! \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u061f \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0623\u0645\u0643\u00bb \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u061f. \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0623\u0645\u0643\u00bb \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u061f. \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0623\u0645\u0643\u00bb \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u062b\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u061f. \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0643\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a:5971\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645: 2548) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647! \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0632\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0626\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u061f\u00bb. \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0646\u0639\u0645. \u0642\u0627\u0644: \u00ab\u0641\u064e\u0627\u0644\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0645\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a:3104).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0632\u0651 \u0648\u062c\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0636\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0628\u062d \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0633\u0650\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062d\u064e\u0642\u064f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0630\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0632\u062d\u0632\u062d\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0651\u0641\u064e \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064f \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0624\u064e\u062f\u0650\u0651 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0642\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0639\u064e\u062a\u0652\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a \u00ab\u0647\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0634\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0647\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1941-1943\u0645 (1360-1362\u0647\u0640) \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u00ab\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0626\u0648\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1944\u0645 (1363\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1362\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1947\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0626 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1313-1392\u0647\u0640 = 1895-1975\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1328-1421\u0647\u0640 = 1910-2000\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1314-1399\u0647\u0640 = 1896-1979\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0646\u062c\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1322-1392\u0647\u0640 = 1904-1972\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (\u0646\u062d\u0648 1320-1402\u0647\u0640 = \u0646\u062d\u0648 1902-1982\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0646\u062c\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 1382\u0647\u0640\/1962\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u00bb \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u00bb \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1366\u0647\u0640\/1947\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u00bb \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0643\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a 1367-1368\u0647\u0640 (1948-1949\u0645) \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 27\/\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644 1367\u0647\u0640 (5\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1948\u0645) \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0628\u0630\u064a\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0636\u060c \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u064f\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0646\u00bb \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0647\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0652\u0645\u064e\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064e\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0652\u0632\u064e\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1367-1371\u0647\u0640 (1948-1952\u0645) \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u00bb \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0627\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1295-1377\u0647\u0640 = 1879-1957\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1300-1374\u0647\u0640 = 1882-1954\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1304-1387\u0647\u0640 = 1886-1967\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1301-1396\u0647\u0640 = 1884-1976\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0641\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1323-1400\u0647\u0640 = 1905-1980\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1318-1383\u0647\u0640 = 1900-1963\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062d\u0638\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a: 50\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a: 51\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f: 47\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a: 45\u060c \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645: 52\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631: 51\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a: 50\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f: 50\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643: 51\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647:49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647: \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u00bb \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062e\u064e\u0637\u064e\u0651\u0637\u064e \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0630\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0646\u064a\u062f \u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0652\u0642\u0650\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1953\u0645 (1372\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1955\u0645 (1374\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u00bb (M.A.) \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u00bb. \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u2013 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0645 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0642\u064e\u0647 \u0628\u0644\u064f\u062c\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c\u00bb (Cambridge) \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u00bb \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0643\u062b \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1964-1966\u0645 (1384-1386\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0651 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: (Studies in Early Hadith Literature) \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627.\u062c. \u0622\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a (Prof. A. J. Arberry) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0622\u0631 \u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a (Prof. R. B. Sergeant) .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1966-1968\u0645 (1386-1388\u0647\u0640) \u0648\u0641\u064a 1968\u0645 (1388\u0647\u0640) \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0629\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1973\u0645 (1393\u0647\u0640) \u0633\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1991\u0645 (1412\u0647\u0640) \u0641\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u063a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u064e\u062f\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u00ab\u0643\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c\u00bb \u0644\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1396\u0647\u0640 (1976\u0645) \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00ab\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646\u061b \u0641\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0632\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0637\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0639\u064e \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u064e\u0641\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0648\u064e\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u062e\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064f\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0634\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0652 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u062f\u064e \u062c\u064a\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0651\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0628\u063a\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637: \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0632\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0651\u0649\u0670 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u00ab\u0623\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064e\u0651\u0639\u0649\u0670 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0628\u064e\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0651 \u0642\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0631\u0652\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u00ab\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062c\u00bb \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u064f \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0646\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064e\u0639\u0650\u062f\u064e \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0645. \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u062a\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0645\u0631\u0636\u064d \u064a\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1-2\/\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 1439\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 19-20\/\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2017\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0636\u0623 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0641\u062c\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0639\u0650\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0626\u0648\u00bb \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0626\u0648\u00bb \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u064e\u0647\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0648\u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641\u064e \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0621\u0647 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u062f\u0628\u064a\u00bb \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u062f\u0628\u064a\u00bb \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629) \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0644\u0650\u0651\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062c\u0652\u0632\u0650\u0644 \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u064e\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0645\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0638\u064e\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 12 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u062d\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629: 15\/\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1439\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 2\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018\u0645)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*&nbsp; *&nbsp; *<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0631\u062c\u0628 1439 \u0647\u0640 = \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u2013 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2018\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f : 7 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 : 42<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 nooralamamini@gmail.com &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0641\u064f\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,45,28,30],"tags":[583],"class_list":["post-4730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-23","category-45","category-28","category-30","tag----1439----2018"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4730","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4730"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4730\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5018,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4730\/revisions\/5018"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}