\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nooralamamini@gmail.com<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u2013 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/ \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646) \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621: 24\/\u0630\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 1436\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 9\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u0645\u061b \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a 83 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 81 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f 1353\u0647\u0640\/1934\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u062d\u064e\u0636\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633: 24-25\/ \u0630\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 = 9-10\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0634\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0630\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629\u064e \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062a\u0648\u064a – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- (1248-1297\u0647\u0640 = 1832-1880\u0645).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0642\u062f\u064f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0652\u0638\u064e\u0645\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u064e\u0639\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0631\u0650\u0651\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0652\u0639\u064e\u0649\u0670 \u0644\u062d\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0638\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0648\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0647\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0638\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0644\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0640\u0645\u064f\u0645\u064e\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064e\u0648\u0652\u062c\u064e\u062f\u064e\u062a\u0652 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u2013 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u2013 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0646\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0644 1402\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1982\u0645 \u0623\u064f\u062d\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0651\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0651\u0646\u0650\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0631. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0652\u062c\u0650\u0628\u064f\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0641\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064f\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645\u064f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u0651\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u064a\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u064e\u0637\u0652\u0628\u0650 \u0648\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0622\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0635\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0643\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064f \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00bb \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649- (1349-1415\u0647\u0640 = 1930-1995\u0645) \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0650\u062f\u064f\u0651 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0630\u064a\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u062e. \u0648\u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064f \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621: 15\/\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1404\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 21\/\u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1983\u0645 \u0625\u0630 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u064e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629\u064e\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064e\u0646\u0652\u0633\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0638\u0644 \u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u062d\u0646\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: \u00ab\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u062a\u0652 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u00bb\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u064e\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0641\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0652\u0642\u0650\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062b\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/ \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0644\u062f \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1353\u0647\u0640\/1934\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u063a\u0631\u00bb – \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u064e\u0633\u0652\u062a\u0650\u064a\u00bb \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u2013 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u00bb \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0647\u0640 \u0628\u064a\u063a\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0647\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u00ab\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0634\u00bb \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u062b\u0645 \u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0647\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/ \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0645 6\/11\/1371\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 29\/\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1952\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0626\u0630 17 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1375\u0647\u0640\/1956\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u00bb (1295-1377\u0647\u0640 = 1879-1957\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a (1323-1400\u0647\u0640 = 1905-1980\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a (1304-1387\u0647\u0640 = 1886-1967\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a 8\/\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0629 1386\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 24\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1966\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a (1318-1383\u0647\u0640 = 1900-1963\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a (1329-1399\u0647\u0640 = 1911-1979\u0645) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 1388\u0647\u0640\/1968\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0649 21\/\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 1381\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 1\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1961\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a 88\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 96\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a 92\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f 90\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a 100\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u0630\u064a 98\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647 94\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a 88\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0625 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 98\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0625 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f 92.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0651 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u0643\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0650\u0644\u0651 \u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0644\u0627\u064e\u0632\u0650\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u064e\u0646\u0650\u0651\u064a\u064e \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062c\u064e\u0627\u0646\u0650\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u0628 \u0631\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0642\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0632\u062c\u0651\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u062d\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00bb \u0628\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u064a\u0648\u0628\u064a\u00bb \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1376\u0647\u0640 \/1957\u0645 \u2013 1378\u0647\u0640\/1959\u0645. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u00bb \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0627\u00bb \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f \u00ab\u0645\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0647\u064a\u00bb \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1378\u0647\u0640\/1959\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0643\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641. \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631\u00bb \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0623\u0646\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u00bb \u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0622\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u00bb \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00bb \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1382\u0647\u0640\/ 1963\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u062b\u0645 \u0639\u064f\u064a\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/ \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1401\u0647\u0640\/1981\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621: 24\/\u0630\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0639\u062f\u0629 1436\u0647\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 9\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u0645. \u0623\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 34 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648 35 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\/ \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0640\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0640\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1427\u0647\u0640\/2006\u0645. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u062c\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642\u064a – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- (1280-1362\u0647\u0640 = 1863-1943\u0645).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- (1349-1415\u0647\u0640 = 1930-1995\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- (1355-1423\u0647\u0640 = 1936-2002\u0645) \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0641\u064e\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0638\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0631\u064a -\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- (1348-1418\u0647\u0640 = 1929-1997\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1350-1422\u0647\u0640 = 1932-2001\u0645) \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u00bb \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a – \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647- (1352-1414\u0647\u0640 = 1933-1994\u0645) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1353-1433\u0647\u0640 = 1934-2012\u0645) \u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u062e\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0641\u064e \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0648\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0651\u0641\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0647\u064e\u064a\u064e\u0651\u0623 \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0634\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0644\u064f\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u064a\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u064e\u062d\u0652 \u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u063a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0651\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0628\u064e\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u062e\u0637\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u00ab\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062c\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629\u00bb \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0633\u064e\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u00bb \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0647 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
(\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 11 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621: 8\/\u0630\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 1436\u0647\u0640 = 23\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u0645).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* * *<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 1437 \u0647\u0640 = \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2015\u0645 \u2013 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2016\u0645 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f : 3 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 : 40<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 nooralamamini@gmail.com \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u2013 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0628\u062f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,45,28],"tags":[474],"class_list":["post-3810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-23","category-45","category-28","tag-----1437---2015"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3810"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3810\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3811,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3810\/revisions\/3811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/darululoom-deoband.com\/arabicarticles\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}